Developed based on a thorough review of the scientific evidence, NutraOrigin's Cardiosol formula includes only ingredients with documented efficacy and safety, and contains no artificial colors, flavors or preservatives. The ingredients described below will give you a better understanding of how Cardiosol promotes heart health.*
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Phytosterol Complex:
Beta-sitosterol, Campesterol, Stigmasterol, Brassicasterol
Naturally occurring in plants, phytosterols are structurally similar to cholesterol, so they compete with cholesterol for the same absorption sites in the body.* Our cavemen ancestors ate diets rich in phytosterols; however, modern diets are sorely lacking these beneficial plant compounds. (1)
Numerous human clinical trials demonstrate the cardiovascular benefits of phytosterol consumption. Phytosterols maintain cholesterol levels that are already within a healthy range by inhibiting cholesterol absorption in the gastro-intestinal tract.* (2,3)
Policosanol
Policosanol is a mixture of alcohols derived from natural plant wax, with the primary alcohol being octacosanol. The form of policosanol employed by NutraOrigin, derived from sugar cane wax, has proven superior to the rice-based policosanol found in competitive products.
A number of double-blind human clinical trials have found that policosanol helps maintain levels of LDL and HDL cholesterol that are already within a healthy range.* (4,5,6,7) In addition, policosanol has been shown to protect LDL cholesterol from oxidation (damage by free radicals).* (8)
Guggul Resin Extract
Guggul (Commiphora mukul) is a botanical with an established tradition in Ayurvedic medicine going back 2000 years. A sticky resin, it is derived from the myrrh tree. Guggul resin extract contains plant sterols called guggulsterones. These constituents inhibit cholesterol synthesis in the liver.* (9,10)
Several human clinical trials — three of them double-blind in design — have found that guggul extract maintains cholesterol and triglyceride levels that are already within the healthy range.* (11,12,13) One of the studies additionally found that guggul reduced oxidative stress by 33%, while the placebo caused no change at all.* (11)
L-Carnitine
Carnitine is an amino acid derivative. Its role in the body is to shuttle long-chain fatty acids into the mitochondria of cells, where they can be burned for energy.* (14) Because the heart is one of the most energy-intensive organs in the body, L-carnitine has frequently been recommended to support cardiovascular health.*
Two multicenter, controlled clinical trials have found that supplementation with L-carnitine increases exercise tolerance in heart patients.* (15,16) Other research has shown it supports a normal heart rhythm* (17)
Coenzyme Q10
Coenzyme Q10, also known as ubiquinone, is a vitamin-like substance that is present in most human cells and that participates in the body’s production of energy.*
An eight-year study of CoQ10 in 424 heart patients found CoQ10 supplementation beneficial for a wide swath of people, with researchers documenting a statistically significant improvement in heart muscle function.* (18) Other research in human subjects has shown CoQ10 maintains cholesterol and blood pressure levels that are already within a healthy range.* (19,20) A multicenter open trial in 2,664 heart patients found that CoQ10 supplementation improved quality of life.* (21)
Coenzyme Q10 also benefits exercise capacity.* A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of heart patients found that those who took CoQ10 experienced slight increases in exercise capacity and quality of life compared to those taking placebo.* (22) Interestingly, CoQ10 also benefits healthy athletes, as demonstrated by a study of Finnish top-level cross-country skiers. CoQ10 supplementation significantly improved all measured indexes of physical performance, and 94% of the athletes taking CoQ10 felt it had improved their performance and recovery time, compared with only 33% of those in the placebo group.* (23)
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- Higdon Jane. "Phytosterols." Linus Pauling Institute. Updated Sept. 2008. http://lpi.oregonstate.edu/infocenter/phytochemicals/sterols/#intro
- Jones PJ, et al. "Modulation of plasma lipid levels and cholesterol kinetics by phytosterol versus phytostanol esters." J Lipid Res. 2000 May;41(5):697-705.
- Normen L, et al. "Soy sterol esters and beta-sitostanol ester as inhibitors of cholesterol absorption in human small bowel." Am J Clin Nutr. 2000 Apr;71(4):908-13.
- Canetti M., et al. "A two-year study on the efficacy and tolerability of policosanol in patients with type II hyperlipoproteinaemia." Int J Clin Pharmacol Res. 1995;15:159-65.
- Pons P., et al. "Effects of successive dose increases of policosanol on the lipid profile of patients with type II hypercholesterolaemia and tolerability to treatment." Int J Clin Pharmacol Res. 1994;14:27-33.
- Torres O., et al. "Treatment of hypercholesterolemia in NIDDM with policosanol." Diabetes Care. 1995;18:393-7.
- Ortensi G., et al. "Comparative study of policosanol versus simvastatin in elderly patients with hypercholesterolemia." Cur Ther Res. 1997;58: 390-401.
- Fernandez J.C., et al. "Comparison of the efficacy, safety and tolerability of policosanol versus fluvastatin in elderly hypercholesterolaemic women." Clin Drug Invest. 2001;21:103-113.
- Cui J, et al. "Guggulsterone is a farnesoid X receptor antagonist in coactivator association assays but acts to enhance transcription of bile salt export pump." J Biol Chem. 2003 Mar 21;278(12):10214-20.
- Urizar N.Z., Moore D.D. "Guggulipid: a natural cholesterol-lowering agent." Annu Rev Nut. 2003;23:303-313.Close window
- Singh RB, et al. "Hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of Commiphora mukul as an adjunct to dietary therapy in patients with hypercholesterolemia." Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 1994; 8:659-64.
- Nityanand S, et al. "Clinical trials with gugulipid. A new hypolipidaemic agent." J Assoc Physicians India. 1990 Feb;38(2):186.
- Verma SK, Bordia A. "Effect of Commiphora mukul (gum guggulu) in patients of hyperlipidemia with special reference to HDL-cholesterol." Indian J Med Res. 1988;87:356-360.
- Steiber A., Kerner J., Hoppel C. "Carnitine: a nutritional, biosynthetic, and functional perspective." Mol. Aspects Med. 2004;25(5-6):455-73.
- Cherchi A., et al. "Effects of L-carnitine on exercise tolerance in chronic stable angina: A multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo controlled crossover study." Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther Toxicol. 1985 Oct;23(10):569-72.
- Cacciatore L, et al. "The therapeutic effect of L-carnitine in patients with exercise-induced stable angina: a controlled study." Drugs Exp Clin Res. 1991;17:225-235.
- Mondillo S., et al. "Therapy of arrhythmia induced by myocardial ischemia association of l-carnitine, propafenone and mexiletine." Clin Ter. 1995 Dec;146(12):769-74.
- Langsjoen H., et al. "Usefulness of coenzyme Q10 in clinical cardiology: a long-term study." Mol Aspects Med. 1994;15 (Suppl): S165-175.
- Singh R.B. et al. "Effect of coenzyme Q10 on risk of atherosclerosis in patients with recent myocardial infarction." Mol Cell Biochem. 2003 Apr; 246(1-2): 75-82.
- Burke B.E., Neuenschwander R., Olson R.D. "Randomized, double blind placebo controlled trial of coenzyme Q10 in isolated systolic hypertension." South Med J. 2001 Nov; 94(11): 1112-1117.Close window
- Baggio E., et al. "Italian multi-center study on the safety and efficacy of Coenzyme Q10 as an adjunctive therapy in heart failure. Coenzyme Q10 Surveillance Investigators." Mol Aspects Med. 1994; 15 (Suppl): S287-294.
- Hofman-Bang C., et al. "Coenzyme Q10 as an adjunctive in the treatment of chronic congestive heart failure. The CoQ10 Study Group." J Card Fail. 1995 Mar; 1(2): 101-107.
- Ylikoski T., et al. "The effect of coenzyme Q10 on the exercise performance of cross-country skiers." Mol Aspects Med. 1997; 18 (Suppl): S283-290.
- Pola P., et al. "Statistical evaluation of long-term L-carnitine therapy in hyperlipoproteinemias." Drugs Exptl Clin Res. 1983; 9:925-34.
- Baldwa V.S., et al. "Effects of Commiphora mukul (guggul) in experimentally induced hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis. J Assoc Physicians India. 1981; 29(1):13-17.
- Satyavati G.V., et al. "(Commiphora Wightii)." Econ Med Plant Res. 1991;5:48-82.
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