Developed based on a thorough review of the scientific evidence, NutraOrigin's Moodtrex formula includes only ingredients with documented efficacy and safety, and contains no artificial colors, flavors or preservatives. The ingredients described below will give you a better understanding of how Moodtrex works to promote a positive outlook, while reducing occasional stress and anxiety.*

S-Adenosyl Methionine
S-adenosyl methionine (SAMe) is a compound derived from methionine, an amino acid, and adenosine triphosphate, the molecule the body uses to create energy. Naturally produced by the body, SAMe is essential for the production of certain neurotransmitters.*

A recent meta-analysis, which pooled the results of a number of human clinical trials on SAMe, concluded that the compound is more effective than placebo at boosting mood, and as effective as other ingredients commonly used for that purpose.* (1) One double-blind, randomized study found that at the end of four weeks, 63 percent of subjects receiving SAMe supplements had significantly improved.* The researchers concluded that SAMe "may play an important role in regulating mood."* (2) Preliminary research indicates SAMe works quickly, producing results in just seven days.* (3)

5-Hydroxytryptophan
5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) is an amino acid used in the formation of serotonin, a brain chemical that regulates mood, stress, appetite and sleep.*

Research has shown that 5-HTP is well-absorbed orally and easily crosses the blood-brain-barrier, where it increases the synthesis of serotonin by the central nervous system.* (4) It is preferable to tryptophan supplements, which need to be converted to 5-HTP before they can be used to aid serotonin synthesis. Several human studies have found that 5-HTP has a decided mood-lifting effect.* (5,6)

Garcinia Cambogia
Garcinia cambogia, also known as Malabar tamarind, is a tropical fruit most well-known for its ability to suppress appetite.* It is one of the only known natural sources of hydroxycitric acid (HCA), the active constituent.

At least one animal study shows that HCA extracted from Garcinia cambogia can inhibit serotonin reuptake, while also increasing serotonin availability in the brain.* (7) By increasing the amount of serotonin in the brain, HCA could have a positive effect on mood.*

Rhodiola Rosea Extract
Rhodiola rosea has been used in Russia as an adaptogen, an herb that decreases occasional fatigue and increases the body's natural resistance to stress.*

While Rhodiola is most well-known for improving physical and mental performance, it has also been investigated for relieving everyday anxiety, blue mood and occasional difficulty sleeping.* A pilot human study showed that taking Rhodiola for ten weeks produced significant decreases in everyday anxiety.* (8) Likewise, a phase III, randomized, double-blind human clinical trial found that Rhodiola caused considerable improvements in mood, ability to fall asleep and emotional stability compared to placebo.* (9)

Rosavin and salidroside, the active ingredients of Rhodiola, may enhance the transport of tryptophan and 5-HTP. Rhodiola may also minimize the action of catechol-O-methyltransferase, an enzyme that breaks down serotonin.* (10)

Ginkgo biloba
The oldest surviving tree species on earth, ginkgo has been used for centuries as a medicinal herb. It is the most commonly prescribed herb in Europe.

Gingko has been extensively studied for its effect on memory and cognition.* However, it has another less-known use: relieving occasional nervous tension.* The results of a double-blind, placebo-controlled human study showed that ginkgo extract produced significant improvements in everyday anxiety compared to placebo in just four weeks.* (11)

St. John's Wort
St. John's wort is a yellow flowering plant that tends to bloom around the feast of St. John. It is one of the world's most popular herbal remedies for blue mood, and has been used to support emotional well-being as far back as the Middle Ages.*

A detailed review study published in 2008, which analyzed the results of 29 randomized, double-blind human studies involving over 5,000 participants, concluded that St. John's wort is superior to placebo at lifting mood and is comparable in efficacy to other ingredients commonly used for that purpose.* (12) It is believed to work by inhibiting the brain's reuptake of the neurotransmitters serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine.* (42)

St. John's wort has been approved by the German Commission E, a government regulatory agency that evaluates the safety and efficacy of herbs, for boosting mood and alleviating occasional anxiety and nervous unrest.* (13)

Kava Kava Extract
Kava kava is a sacred ceremonial herb of the Pacific Islands. Traditionally, the root is mashed until it becomes a soft pulp, mixed with water or coconut milk, and strained to create a relaxing drink. Kava has a soothing effect on the mind, helping relieve occasional tension and nervousness.* It is also a muscle relaxant.*

Nearly a dozen double-blind, placebo-controlled studies, involving more than 700 people, have been conducted on kava kava. A review study published in 2009, which analyzed the data on St. John's wort for mood and kava kava for occasional stress, concluded that current evidence supports the use of kava for relieving everyday anxiety.* (14) In one study, 81 percent of individuals who took kava kava rated the herb's efficacy as "good" or "very good."* (15) Kava may also help alleviate stress-related sleeplessness.* (16)

Kava kava has been approved by the German Commission E for conditions of occasional nervous anxiety, stress and restlessness.* (13)

Lemon Balm
Lemon balm (Melissa officinalis) has long been used in Europe as a "nervine" - an ingredient that calms the nervous system*

After discovering that lemon balm produced a calming effect in mice, researchers conducted clinical trials to see if it had the same action in humans.* (17) So far, the evidence indicates so. A double-blind, placebo-controlled study found it reduced agitation in human subjects.* (18) Other human studies have shown lemon balm encourages feelings of calm (19) and attenuates laboratory-induced negative mood and stress.* (20)

Passion Flower Extract
Passion flower is another traditional European herb valued for its ability to promote relaxation and calm.*

Research has shown that passion flower has a calming effect on the central nervous system.* (21) In particular, a human clinical trial, which pitted passion flower plus placebo against another ingredient commonly used to relieve occasional anxiety, found that passion flower was just as effective as the established ingredient.* (21)

Passion flower has been approved by the German Commission E for relieving occasional nervous restlessness.* (13)

Valerian Extract
Valerian (Valeriana officinalis) is a hardy perennial flowering plant native to Europe and parts of Asia. It has been used to alleviate occasional stress and sleeplessness since the 2nd century AD. In 1985, the German Commission E approved valerian for restlessness and trouble sleeping due to nervousness.* (13)

Several studies have confirmed that valerian is helpful for reducing occasional anxiety.* (22,23) It has also been shown to aid with occasional difficulty sleeping.* (24,25) In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, human cross-over trial, valerian root extract reduced the amount of time it takes to fall asleep and increased the amount of time spent in slow-wave or deep sleep - the most restful kind.* (26) The combination of valerian and lemon balm has been clinically proven effective for improving quality of sleep.* (27,28,29)

D-Phenylalanine
Phenylalanine is an amino acid that is converted in the body into tyrosine. The body uses tyrosine to produce the neurotransmitters dopamine, norepinephrine and epinephrine, all of which regulate mental and emotional states.*

Several double-blind human studies, which compared phenylalanine to another ingredient commonly used to improve mood, found the amino acid just as effective.* (30,31) An open-label trial noted that phenylalanine promoted a positive outlook in 17 out of 23 subjects.* (32)

B Vitamins: Folic Acid, Vitamin B6 and Vitamin B12
As a group, the B vitamins are essential for maintaining the health of the nervous system.* Each B vitamin also plays its own unique role in human physiology.

Folate (folic acid) is used in several metabolic pathways of the brain, and a deficiency of this essential vitamin can cause symptoms of depression.* (33) An estimated 10 percent of Americans are deficient in folate. (34) Supplementation in depressed individuals with borderline or definite folate deficiency caused significant improvements compared to placebo.* (35)

Vitamin B6 is necessary for the conversion of tryptophan into serotonin.* Severe vitamin B6 deficiency may result in symptoms such as irritability, depression and confusion.* (36) According to research by Tufts University, vitamin B6 deficiency affects about 11 percent of supplement users and 25 percent of non-users. (37)

A deficiency of vitamin B12 can also result in depressive symptoms.* (38,39) About 9 percent of the U.S. population is deficient in B12, while up to 20 percent are borderline-deficient. (40) Not surprisingly, ensuring adequate vitamin B12 levels increases one's chances of maintaining a positive outlook.* (41)

Anyone can develop a B vitamin deficiency; however, research shows deficiencies of folate, vitamin B6 and vitamin B12 are surprisingly common in the elderly.* (42)

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